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Present Tense The present progressive is used when talking about actions that are happening in the current moment. subject + verb stem + ending Regular Verb Endings Ser and Estar - 'To Be' Ser - used when talking about permanent states Estar - used when talking about temporary states Acronyms can be used to remember when to use ser and when to use estar . Stem-Changing Verbs Some verbs also have changes to the stem (beginning) of the verb, but still follow the standard conjugation endings. O —> UE E —> IE E —> I Examples: Dormir — duermo Entender — entiendo Pedir — pido Irregular Verbs Some verbs do not follow the standard rules for -AR and -IR conjugation. However, many of them have shared patterns of conjugation. Ir and Dar: Tener and Venir: Other Forms of Verb Irregularity Some verbs with particular endings experience certain changes when conjugated. Verbs ending in -ger and -gir G —> J in ‘yo’ form Eg; coger —> cojo Verbs ending in -guir GU —> J in ‘yo’ form Eg; conseguir —> consigo Verbs ending with consonant + -cer or -cir C —> Z in ‘yo’ form Eg; convencer —> convenzo Verbs ending with vowel + -cer or -cir Z is added before C in ‘yo’ form Eg; conocer —> conozco Verbs ending with -uir Y is added before endings that start with o, e, a Eg; atribuir —> atribuyo Example Sentences Quiero ir a un restaurante. I want to go to a restaurant. Intento a hacer mis deberes cada día. I try to do my homework everyday. Cojo el tren todos los días. I take the train every day. Ser: D - date O - occupation C - characteristics T - time O - origin R - relation Estar: P - position L - location A - action C - condition E - emotion Verbs ending in -AR Verbs ending in -ER Verbs ending in -IR -o -o -o -as -es -es -a -e -e -amos -emos -imos -áis -éis -ís -an -en -en Ser - To Be Estar - To Be estoy soy estás eres está es estamos somos estáis sois están son Tener - To Have Venir - To Come Tengo Vengo Tienes Vienes Tiene Viene Tenemos Venimos Tenéis Venís Tienen Vienen Ir - To Go Dar - To Give Voy Doy Vas Das Va Da Vamos Damos Vais Dais Van Dan

This website was made to help anyone studying Edexcel A-Level Spanish. Hope it helps :) What's Covered? This website covers some parts of the Edexcel Spanish A-Level spec. ​ This includes grammar, La Casa de Bernarda Alba by García Lorca, and Volver by Pedro Almodóvar.